Taiwanese Spasmolytics classification解痙藥

• spasm is abnormal constriction of muscle, especially smooth muscle and skeletal muscle
• abnormal constriction of cardiac muscle is called arrythmia
• spasm may refer to constriction or relaxation of muscle
  • mostly, spasm is constriction of muscle
  • spasm causing migrain; however, is dilation of vascular smooth muscle
    • thus, the drug treating migrain is drug constricting vessel
    • However, drug dilating vessel does not cause migrain

indication(適應症

• spasm(痙攣:is abnormal constriction of muscle, especially smooth muscle and skeletal muscle
  • smooth muscle spasm
  • skeletal muscle spasm

classification

spasmolytics(解痙藥) often refer to drugs to skeletal muscle spasm, but drugs below also are used to spasm in other muscles.

drugs for smooth muscle spasm

drugs for migraine: relief of vessel smooth muscle spasm in brain

• prophylaxis
  • methylsergide
• treatment
  • ergotamine

bronchodilators: relief bronchospasm

• beta2 agonist
• antimuscarinics
• often be used in COPD and asthma

drugs for variant angina: vasospastic angina : main article(主條目):antiangina(抗心絞痛)

• CCB
• nitrate

drugs for GI tract spasm: main article(主條目):解腸胃痙痛劑

• atropine: from Tyler
• scopolamine: from Tyler
• bucopan
• clidinium
• dicyclomine
• diphemanil
• glycopyrrolate
• homatropine methylbromide
• isopropamide
• mepenzolate
• methantheline
• oxyphencyclimine
• papaverine
• propantheline
• tridihexethyl

drugs for bladder spasm after urologic surgery

• oxybutynin: treat urge incontinence(迫切型尿失禁 而不是 stress incontinence(壓力型尿失禁) 骨盆底肌肉運動訓練(PFM)，或稱凱格爾運動，對應力性、急迫性及混合型尿失禁是有效且是建議病人的第一線治療方法。 scitechvista.most.gov.tw/zh-tw/Feature/C/0/1/10/1/1750.htm

drugs to skeletal muscle spasm=centrally acting muscle relaxant(dantrolene是例外)

drugs for acute skeletal musle spasm: act on CNS from Foye e6th

• glycerol ether
  • antodyne
  • mephenesin
  • chlorphenesin
  • methocarbamol
• substituted alkanediols and der.
  • meprobamate
  • carisoprodol
  • metaxalone
• benzazole
  • chlorzoxazone
• H1 antihistamine
  • orphenadrine
• TCA-like structure
  • cyclobenzaprine

drugs for chronic skeletal musle spasm: act on CNS or muscle from basic e10th

• act on CNS
  • Tizanidine
  • GABA作用藥
    • GABAB作用藥:baclofen
    • BDZ:Diazepam
    • barbiturate:phenobarbital
    • gabapentin和pregabalin
    • progabide
  • Glycine
  • Idrocilamide和riluzole
• act on PNS
  • botulinum toxin
• act on muscle
  • dantrolene

延伸學習

• drugs for abnormal constriction of muscles
• spasmolytics(解痙藥)
• arrythmia
• muscle relexant
  • glucagon:relax the intestine
  • skeletal muscle relaxant
    • peripheral acting skeletal muscle relaxant = neuromuscular blocker
    • centrally acting muscle relaxant(dantrolene is exception) = Drugs for skeletal muscle spasm of Spasmolytics(解痙藥
• Spasmolytics(解痙藥